Search results for "Flavin adenine dinucleotide"
showing 5 items of 5 documents
[26] Isoforms of nitric-oxide synthase: Purification and regulation
1994
Publisher Summary Nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes the five-electron oxidation of L-arginine to the nitric oxide radical (.NO) and L-citrulline. Molecular oxygen is the cosubstrate of the enzyme. NO synthase activity has been found in a large variety of cells and tissues. The enzyme exists in several isoforms, three of which have been purified, characterized, and cloned. The activities of all three isoforms are found distributed between the soluble and particulate fractions of cells. Isoform I (from brain) and isoform II (from cytokine-induced macrophages) are mostly soluble proteins. Isoform III from endothelial cells is myristoylated and found predominantly in the particulate fractio…
Antimutagenic effects and possible mechanisms of action of vitamins and related compounds against genotoxic heterocyclic amines from cooked food.
1999
Possible antimutagenic activity of 26 vitamins and related compounds - ascorbic acid, beta-carotene, cyanocobalamin, folic acid, nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, pantothenic acid, pyridoxale, pyridoxamine, pyridoxine, retinal, retinol, retinoic acid, retinyl acetate, retinyl palmitate, riboflavin, riboflavin 5'-phosphate, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), alpha-tocopherol, alpha-tocopherol acetate, vitamins K(1), K(3), K(4), 1, 4-naphthoquinone, and coenzyme Q(10) - was tested against six heterocyclic amine (HCA) mutagens, i.e., 2-amino-3-methyl-imidazo[4, 5-f]quinoline (IQ), 2-amino-3,4-dimethyl-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (MeIQ), 2-amino-3,8-dimethyl-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx), 2-amino-1…
Cholesterol oxidase: ultrahigh-resolution crystal structure and multipolar atom model-based analysis
2015
International audience; Author(s) of this paper may load this reprint on their own web site or institutional repository provided that this cover page is retained. Republication of this article or its storage in electronic databases other than as specified above is not permitted without prior permission in writing from the IUCr. For further information see http://journals.iucr.org/services/authorrights.html Acta Cryst. (2015). D71, 954-968 Zarychta et al. · Cholesterol oxidase research papers 954 http://dx. Examination of protein structure at the subatomic level is required to improve the understanding of enzymatic function. For this purpose, X-ray diffraction data have been collected at 100…
Maternal vitamin deficiency mimicking multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency on newborn screening
2021
Abstract Background In infancy multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD) is commonly a severe inherited metabolic disease caused by genetic defects in electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF) or ETF ubiquinone oxidoreductase. Both enzymes require flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) as a cofactor. Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is a precursor in the synthesis of FAD. MADD can be detected by newborn screening (NBS) based on elevation of multiple acylcarnitines. Methods We present the results of two children whose NBS results and subsequent confirmatory testing resulted in a suspected diagnosis of MADD. In parallel in both children vitamin B12 deficiency was detected. Results Biochemical profiles n…
Therapeutic effect of enhancing endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression and preventing eNOS uncoupling
2011
Nitric oxide (NO) produced by the endothelium is an important protective molecule in the vasculature. It is generated by the enzyme endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). Similar to all NOS isoforms, functional eNOS transfers electrons from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), via the flavins flavin adenine dinucleotide and flavin mononucleotide in the carboxy-terminal reductase domain, to the heme in the amino-terminal oxygenase domain. Here, the substrate L-arginine is oxidized to L-citrulline and NO. Cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia or cigarette smoking reduce bioactive NO. These risk factors lead to an enhanced productio…